芬兰Åvik芦苇游乐场&河岸公园景观设计 | LOCI Landscape Architects

Tikkurila河岸公园正逐渐发展为城市客厅，与当地火车站共同位于Vantaa主要城区Tikkurila的中心，该火车站是荷兰第三大繁忙的火车站，并在不断更新。

^{The Tikkurila River Park is developing into an outdoor living room that is a green pair for the urban Tikkurila centre – the major district of Vantaa that is Finland’s third busiest railway station and is in constant renewal.}

^{▲项目鸟瞰，aerial view © Pyry Kantonen Photography}

该项目是Tikkurila河岸公园的一期工程，于2020年六月向公众开放。它名为Åvik，是基于竞赛获奖作品“绿洲”和公园总体规划创造的新区域，包括游乐场和河岸公园。

^{The first phase of the Tikkurila River Park was opened to the public in June 2020. Developed from the design competition’s winning entry, “Oasis”, and the Park master plan, Phase 1 creates a new area called Åvik that includes a park with a playground and its river shore park.}

^{▲顶视，top view © Pyry Kantonen Photography}

Åvik芦苇游乐场 Åvik River Reed Playground

游乐场正式命名为Åvik，其中Å代表河，vik代表湾。它位于一座小山丘上，四周环绕美丽的古树。游乐场的主题来自周围的自然景观和Tikkurila地区的历史文化，这里最吸引人的地方是戏水设施，它形似流经此地的Keravanjoki河，旁边的微型构筑物对应河畔的标志性建筑。定制钢围栏围绕着游乐场，灵感来自芦苇。

^{The River Reed Playground, officially named Åvik (å = river, vik = bay) is placed on a hill and surrounded by beautiful old trees. The theme of the playground comes from the surrounding nature. The cultural history of Tikkurila is also a supporting theme: the key attraction of the park is water play shaped like the River Keravanjoki which flows alongside. The iconic riverside buildings have their miniature versions next to the water play. A custom-made steel fence surrounds the playground with its reed inspired design.}

^{▲从不同角度看向游乐场，different views to playground © Pyry Kantonen Photography}

游乐场上有多种河流环境中的元素和物种，包括芦苇、昆虫、青蛙、河蚌和蜘蛛网。场内设施经过精心挑选，符合自然主题。

^{Many elements and species of diverse river nature, including reeds, bugs, frogs, mussels as well as spider webs can be found in the Åvik playground. The playground equipment was chosen carefully to match the natural theme.}

^{▲多种河流元素和物种，many elements and species of river © Pyry Kantonen Photography}

蚌形的游戏山丘将水下世界的生物带到人们触手可及的地方，上面的条纹图案源自濒危的河蚌，它们拥有厚厚的壳，生活在Keravanjoki河中。该物种在河流生态系统中起着重要作用，在施工开始前，它们已经转移到下游安全地带。该项目致敬了Tikkurila地区的历史建筑和桥梁，它们由花岗岩制造，以有趣的方式呈现在戏水设施旁，上面还标有建筑名称和年份。

^{The mussel-shaped play mounds bring the underwater world within everyone’s reach! These striped creatures got their form from endangered species of freshwater mussel, the thick-shelled river mussel that lives in Keravanjoki. This species plays an important role in the river ecosystem. The real mussels were picked and relocated downstream to safety before construction began.The plan respects the history of the area and makes it visible playfully! The river water play has the old buildings and the bridges from the Tikkurila Park area made in granite. On them you can find the names and the building years.}

^{▲游戏山丘，条纹图案来自河蚌 © Pyry Kantonen Photography}

^{play mounds，striped creatures got their form from river mussel}

^{▲弯曲的戏水设施，curved water play © Pyry Kantonen Photography}

^{▲滑梯，slide © Pyry Kantonen Photography}

孩子们在这里玩耍时可以模拟水坝的运作。这里的水是水泵从地下抽出的。

^{At the water play, kids can try out how water dams work. The water is pumped groundwater.}

^{▲孩子们在戏水，children are playing water © Pyry Kantonen Photography}

河岸公园 River Park

人们可以在河岸享受丰富的新体验，包括脱下鞋子、坐在河边阶梯上戏水，在新建木平台上野餐，在观景台上欣赏风景。两处河岸阶梯均直接与水相连，最低的一步台阶通常位于水下，在阶梯上也可以欣赏美丽的河景。在靠近旧木屋的观景台上则能以更高的视角观察水面。带座椅的甲板位于水面上，这里不仅可以看到老丝绸厂，而且是野餐的好去处。

^{Visitors to the river shore will be treated to a variety of new experiences including the ability to sit and dip your toes on the water seating stairs, have a picnic on the new wooden platforms, and admire the view from the viewing deck on the river. The pair of seating stairs that lead to the water have a real connection to the water. The lowest stairs are usually underwater. The stairs offer great views of the river.From the viewing deck close to the old wooden buildings there is a chance to observe the water from higher up. The deck with seating is placed partly on the water and the views are to the old silk factory. A perfect spot for a picnic!}

^{▲人们坐在河岸阶梯上，people sitting on water seating stairs © Pyry Kantonen Photography}

^{▲阶梯直接与水相连，seating stairs leading to water © Pyry Kantonen Photography}

更加干净的雨水 Cleaner stormwater

雨水在该设计中起着重要作用。旧的雨水管道应用了新技术，可以收集Tikkurila中心区域25公顷的雨水。生物砂炭过滤器保存并净化管道末端的水，管道和过滤系统在严苛的河流土壤环境中建造，隐藏在观景台下。现在，游客永远也猜不到甲板之下过滤了多少水，然而不久这种情况就会改变，河岸会立上标识，表明这是清洁系统。

^{Stormwater plays a key role in the design. New technology was implemented in the old stormwater pipe that collects stormwater from a 25-hectare area of the Tikkurila centre. A sand-bio coal filter holds and cleanses the water at the end of the pipe. The pipe and the filter system are hidden underneath a viewing deck. This underground system was built in very demanding circumstances in the challenging river soil. Now visitors will never guess how much water is being cleaned underneath the deck. Nevertheless, soon this will change, since there will be new information signs coming to the shore that explain about the cleaning system.}

^{▲过滤系统隐藏在观景台下 © Pyry Kantonen Photography}

^{filter system are hidden underneath viewing deck}

灯光照亮自然 Lighting highlights nature

夜幕降临，灯光照亮了自然景观和河岸设施，这里变成了奇妙的地方。

^{When the evening comes, the river shore changes into a magical place.The lighting design highlights the nature and the structures of the shore.}

^{▲灯光照亮了自然景观和河岸设施，lighting highlights nature and structures of shore © Pyry Kantonen Photography}

河岸的地标是新定制的特殊灯杆，叫做“栖息”，芬兰语为“Orrella”。树形灯杆是小鸟的家，它们整个冬天都留在这里，使人们想起夏天。LED灯照亮了河岸阶梯顶部的木板座位，周围的大树也有自己的灯。

^{The shore’s landmark is the new custom-made special light pole “At the roost” (in Finnish “Orrella”). This tree-shaped light pole is home to the light birds. These birds will stay throughout the winter and remind us of the summer.The lighting design highlights the nature and the structures of the shore. The shore stairs with the seating decks on top are highlighted with LED lights. The big trees have their own lights.}

^{▲树形灯杆是河岸的地标，tree-shaped light pole is shore’s landmark © Pyry Kantonen Photography}

^{▲LED灯照亮了木板座位，seating decks are highlighted with LED lights © Pyry Kantonen Photography}

^{▲细节，details © Pyry Kantonen Photography}

^{▲树被灯光照亮，trees were illuminated by lights © Pyry Kantonen Photography}

特殊结构 Special structures

游乐场和河岸设施在严苛的环境中建造。这里土壤逐渐下沉，河水泛滥，因此公园的建设需要结实的地基。大部分区域用柱子加固，建筑地基部分的土壤则需要换填并减轻重量，河岸阶梯和雨水管道上部观景台的桩基钻入了河床岩石。该工程拥有各种特殊的设施设计，包括独特的钢制围栏、定制灯杆、混凝土戏水设施和旁边的结构。设计还考虑了水位变化和冰负荷。

^{The playground and the river shore were built in demanding conditions. The soil is sinking and the river floods. The construction of the park demanded heavy groundworks: the majority of the area is stabilised by pillars, and for the building foundations the soil needed to be replaced, filled, and lightened. The stairs and the viewing deck on top of the stormwater pipe on the river shore were founded with piles that are drilled into the bedrock.The work included a variety of special structure designs: a unique steel fence, a custom-made tree light pole, the concrete gutter for the water play and the structures by the water. The changing water levels and the ice burden were considered in the design.}

^{▲总平，site plan © LOCI Landscape Architects}

^{▲自然游戏，nature play © LOCI Landscape Architects}

^{▲水上游戏，water play © LOCI Landscape Architects}

^{Project name: Tikkurila waterfront, Åvik area – Phase one: River reed playground and park}

^{Office: LOCI Landscape Architects Ltd}

^{Role of the office in the project: Landscape architect}

^{Website: http://www.loci.fi}

^{Lighting designer: Lighting Design Collective Ltd 
Structural Engineer: Vahanen Ltd 
Water- and Geotechnical Engineer: Sipti Ltd}

^{Project location: Tikkurilantie 40, 01300 Vantaa, Finland}

^{Client: City of Vantaa}

^{Design: 2017-2019}

^{Completion: Phase one 2020}

^{Photographs: Pyry Kantonen Photography}

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